## @knitr setup, include=FALSE # set global chunk options opts_chunk$set(fig.path='figure/slides-', cache.path='cache/slides-', cache=TRUE, comment=NA) # upload images automatically #opts_knit$set(upload.fun = imgur_upload) ## @knitr echo=TRUE,error=TRUE foo<-c(1,"b",5,7,0) bar<-c(1,2,3,4,5) foo+bar ## @knitr dataframeintro,echo=TRUE,results='hide' data(mtcars) mtcars ## @knitr dataframeintro2,echo=FALSE,results='markup' mtcars[1:8,] ## @knitr computing,echo=TRUE,results='markup' 2+2 # add numbers 2*pi #multiply by a constant 7+runif(1,min=0,max=1) #add a random variable 4^4 # powers sqrt(4^4) # functions ## @knitr arithmetic 2+2 2/2 2*2 2^2 2==2 23 %/% 2 23 %% 2 ## @knitr foo<-3 foo ## @knitr 1:10 # it increments by one a<-100:120 a ## @knitr poundsigns,eval=FALSE,echo=TRUE,tidy=FALSE # Something I want to keep from R # Like my secret from the R engine # Maybe intended for a human and not the computer # Like: Look at this cool plot! myplot(readSS,mathSS,data=df) ## @knitr x<-5 #store a variable with <- x #print the variable z<-3 ls() #list all variables ls.str() #list and describe variables rm(x) # delete a variable ls() ## @knitr a<-3 A<-4 print(c(a,A)) ## @knitr A<-c(3,4) print(A) ## @knitr language a<-runif(100) # Generate 100 random numbers b<-runif(100) # 100 more c<-NULL # Setup for loop (declare variables) for(i in 1:100){ # Loop just like in Java or C c[i]<-a[i]*b[i] } d<-a*b identical(c,d) # Test equality ## @knitr eval=TRUE,echo=FALSE load("data/smalldata.rda") ## @knitr summary(df[,28:31]) #summary look at df object summary(df$readSS) #summary of a single column ## @knitr graphics1,message=FALSE,dev='svg',fig.cap='Student Test Scores', fig.width=7.8, fig.height=4.5,tidy=FALSE,warning=FALSE library(ggplot2) # Load graphics Package library(eeptools) qplot(readSS,mathSS,data=df,geom='point',alpha=I(0.3))+theme_dpi()+ opts(title='Test Score Relationship')+ geom_smooth() ## @knitr length(unique(df$school)) length(unique(df$stuid)) uniqstu<-length(unique(df$stuid)) uniqstu ## @knitr vectorcomp big<-c(9,12,15,25) small<-c(9,3,4,2) # Give us a nice vector of logical values big>small big=small # Oops--don't do this, reassigns big to small print(big) print(small) ## @knitr brackets big<-c(9,12,15,25) big[big==small] # Returns values where the logical vector is true big[big>small] big[big2 | zap<8] zap[zap>2 & zap<8] ## @knitr is.numeric(A) class(A) print(A) ## @knitr b<-c('one','two','three') print(b) is.numeric(b) ## @knitr c<-c(TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE) is.numeric(c) is.character(c) is.logical(c) # Results in a logical value ## @knitr class class(A) class(b) class(c) ## @knitr fac myfac<-factor(c("basic","proficient","advanced","minimal")) class(myfac) myfac # What order are the factors in? ## @knitr orderedfac myfac_o<-ordered(myfac,levels=c("minimal","basic","proficient","advanced")) myfac_o summary(myfac_o) ## @knitr fac2 class(myfac_o) unclass(myfac_o) defac<-unclass(myfac_o) defac ## @knitr fac2.1,eval=FALSE,echo=TRUE # From the eeptools package defac<-function(x){ x<-as.character(x) x } ## @knitr fac3 defac(myfac_o) defac<-defac(myfac_o) defac ## @knitr numericfac myfac_o as.numeric(myfac_o) ## @knitr numericfacwrong myfac as.numeric(myfac) ## @knitr dates mydate<-as.Date("7/20/2012",format="%m/%d/%Y") # Input is a character string and a parser class(mydate) # this is date weekdays(mydate) # what day of the week is it? mydate+30 # Operate on dates ## @knitr moredates1 # We can parse other formats of dates mydate2<-as.Date("8-5-1988",format="%d-%m-%Y") mydate2 mydate-mydate2 # Can add and subtract two date objects ## @knitr moredates as.numeric(mydate) # days since 1-1-1970 as.Date(56,origin="2013-4-29") # we can set our own origin ## @knitr linmod b<-rnorm(5000) c<-runif(5000) a<-b+c mymod<-lm(a~b) class(mymod) ## @knitr vectors print(1) # The 1 in braces means this element is a vector of length 1 print("This tutorial is awesome") # This is a vector of length 1 consisting of a single "string of characters" ## @knitr vectors2 print(LETTERS) # This vector has 26 character elements print(LETTERS[6]) # The sixth element of this vector has length 1 length(LETTERS[6]) # The length of that element is a number with length 1 ## @knitr matrix mymat<-matrix(1:36,nrow=6,ncol=6) rownames(mymat)<-LETTERS[1:6] colnames(mymat)<-LETTERS[7:12] class(mymat) ## @knitr matrix2 rownames(mymat) colnames(mymat) mymat ## @knitr matrix3 dim(mymat) # We have 6 rows and 6 columns myvec<-c(5,3,5,6,1,2) length(myvec) # What happens when you do dim(myvec)? newmat<-cbind(mymat,myvec) newmat ## @knitr matrix4 foo.mat<-matrix(c(rnorm(100),runif(100),runif(100),rpois(100,2)),ncol=4) head(foo.mat) cor(foo.mat) ## @knitr matrixdance mycorr<-cor(foo.mat) class(mycorr) mycorr2<-as.data.frame(mycorr) class(mycorr2) mycorr2 ## @knitr array myarray<-array(1:42,dim=c(7,3,2),dimnames=list(c("tiny","small", "medium","medium-ish","large","big","huge"), c("slow","moderate","fast"),c("boring","fun"))) class(myarray) dim(myarray) ## @knitr array2 dimnames(myarray) myarray ## @knitr lists mylist<-list(vec=myvec,mat=mymat,arr=myarray,date=mydate) class(mylist) length(mylist) names(mylist) ## @knitr listprint str(mylist) ## @knitr lists2 mylist$vec mylist[[2]][1,3] ## @knitr attr attributes(mylist) attributes(myarray)[1:2][2] ## @knitr dataframetypes,echo=TRUE,results='markup' str(df[ ,25:32]) ## @knitr session-info print(sessionInfo(), locale=FALSE)